Sequential developmental acquisition of cotransmitters in identified sensory neurons of the stomatogastric nervous system of the lobsters,Homarus americanus andHomarus gammarus

1999 ◽  
Vol 408 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Kilman ◽  
Val�rie S. F�nelon ◽  
Kathryn S. Richards ◽  
Vatsala Thirumalai ◽  
Pierre Meyrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System

Spectral Analyses Reveal the Presence of Adult-Like Activity in the Embryonic Stomatogastric Motor Patterns of the Lobster, Homarus americanus

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 3104-3122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina J. Rehm ◽  
Adam L. Taylor ◽  
Stefan R. Pulver ◽  
Eve Marder
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Gastric Mill ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System ◽  
Cancer Borealis ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Rhythmic Behavior ◽  
Slow Activity

The stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) of the embryonic lobster is rhythmically active prior to hatching, before the network is needed for feeding. In the adult lobster, two rhythms are typically observed: the slow gastric mill rhythm and the more rapid pyloric rhythm. In the embryo, rhythmic activity in both embryonic gastric mill and pyloric neurons occurs at a similar frequency, which is slightly slower than the adult pyloric frequency. However, embryonic motor patterns are highly irregular, making traditional burst quantification difficult. Consequently, we used spectral analysis to analyze long stretches of simultaneous recordings from muscles innervated by gastric and pyloric neurons in the embryo. This analysis revealed that embryonic gastric mill neurons intermittently produced pauses and periods of slower activity not seen in the recordings of the output from embryonic pyloric neurons. The slow activity in the embryonic gastric mill neurons increased in response to the exogenous application of Cancer borealis tachykinin-related peptide 1a (CabTRP), a modulatory peptide that appears in the inputs to the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) late in larval development. These results suggest that the STG network can express adult-like rhythmic behavior before fully differentiated adult motor patterns are observed, and that the maturation of the neuromodulatory inputs is likely to play a role in the eventual establishment of the adult motor patterns.

The Crustacean Stomatogastric Nervous System

2017 ◽  
pp. 499-504
Author(s):  
Eve Marder
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Stomatogastric Ganglion ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Rhythmic Motor ◽  
System P

The crustacean stomatogastric nervous system has become one of the premier preparations used for the study of the mechanisms underlying the generation of rhythmic motor patterns. The stomatogastric ganglion (STG) contains about 30 neurons, most of which are motor neurons that innervate more than 40 sets of striated muscles that move the animal’s stomach. Descending projection neurons from the two commissural ganglia (CoGs) and the single oesophageal ganglion (OG) are important for the generation of the motor patterns produced by the STG. Identified sensory neurons project either into the CoGs to activate descending modulatory neurons, or directly into the STG.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

Identification, physiological actions, and distribution of VYRKPPFNGSIFamide (Val1-SIFamide) in the stomatogastric nervous system of the American lobsterHomarus americanus

2006 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Christie ◽  
Elizabeth A. Stemmler ◽  
Braulio Peguero ◽  
Daniel I. Messinger ◽  
Heather L. Provencher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System

Developmental programmes of growth and survival in early sensory neurons

1991 ◽  
Vol 331 (1261) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Target Distance ◽  
Trophic Factor ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Target Field ◽  
Developing Nervous System

In the developing vertebrate nervous system the survival of neurons becomes dependent on the supply of a neurotrophic factor from their targets when their axons reach these targets. To determine how the onset of neurotrophic factor dependency is coordinated with the arrival of axons in the target field, we have studied the growth and survival of four populations of cranial sensory neurons whose axons have markedly different distances to grow to reach their targets. Axonal growth rate both in vivo and in vitro is related to target distance; neurons with more distant targets grow faster. The onset trophic factor dependency in culture is also related to target distance; neurons with more distant targets survive longer before becoming trophic factor dependent. These data suggest that programmes of growth and survival in early neurons play an important role in coordinating the timing of trophic interactions in the developing nervous system.

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